Design of Cloud-Based Healthcare Information Systems: Architecture, Security, and Performance Modeling

Abstract

This paper investigates the architectural principles, security mechanisms, and performance modeling of cloud-based healthcare information systems. The rapid growth of medical data and digital healthcare services requires scalable, elastic, and secure infrastructures. A microservice-based architecture supported by containerization and event-driven integration is proposed as the core structural solution. Data protection mechanisms, including role-based and attribute-based access control, encryption models, and audit logging systems, are analyzed in detail. System reliability and availability are mathematically justified using reliability theory models. Performance evaluation is conducted based on queueing theory (M/M/c model), demonstrating the effectiveness of auto-scaling strategies under varying workloads. A formal risk assessment model is also introduced to address cybersecurity threats in healthcare environments. The results indicate that cloud-based healthcare information systems provide enhanced scalability, high availability, optimized resource utilization, and improved security management. The proposed framework supports sustainable digital transformation in healthcare institutions while ensuring compliance with modern security and regulatory requirements.